Condon Domain Phase Diagram for Silver

We present the Condon domain phase diagram for a silver single crystal measured in magnetic fields up to 28 T and temperatures down to 1.3 K. A standard ac method with a pickup coil system is used at low frequency for the measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen effect (dHvA). The transition point from the state of homogeneous magnetization to the inhomogeneous Condon domain state (CDS) is found as the point where a small irreversibility in the dHvA magnetization arises, as manifested by an extremely nonlinear response in the pickup voltage showing threshold character. The third harmonic content in the ac response is used to determine with high precision the CDS phase boundary. The experimentally determined Condon domain phase diagram is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction calculated by the standard Lifshitz-Kosevich (LK) formula

Scintillations effects on satellite to Earth links for telecommunication and navigation purposes

Radio wave scintillations are rapid fluctuations in both amplitude and phase of signals propagating through the atmosphere. GPS signals can be affected by these disturbances which can lead to a complete loss of lock when the electron density strongly fluctuates around the background ionization level at small spatial scales. This paper will present recent improvements to the theoretical Global Ionospheric Scintillation Model (GISM), particularly tailored for satellite based navigation systems such GPS coupled with Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS). This model has been improved in order to take into account GPS constellation, signals, and receiver response to ionospheric scintillation environments. A new modelling technique, able to describe the scintillation derived modifications of transionospheric propagating fields is shown. Results from GPS derived experimental measurements performed at high and low magnetic latitudes will show preliminary assessments of the scintillation impact on real receivers and system operations. Nevertheless, comparisons between theoretical scintillation models, such as WBMOD and GISM, with GPS derived experimental data will be shown

Scintillations effects on satellite to Earth links for telecommunication and navigation purposes

Radio wave scintillations are rapid fluctuations in both amplitude and phase of signals propagating through the atmosphere. GPS signals can be affected by these disturbances which can lead to a complete loss of lock when the electron density strongly fluctuates around the background ionization level at small spatial scales. This paper will present recent improvements to the theoretical Global Ionospheric Scintillation Model (GISM), particularly tailored for satellite based navigation systems such GPS coupled with Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS). This model has been improved in order to take into account GPS constellation, signals, and receiver response to ionospheric scintillation environments. A new modelling technique, able to describe the scintillation derived modifications of transionospheric propagating fields is shown. Results from GPS derived experimental measurements performed at high and low magnetic latitudes will show preliminary assessments of the scintillation impact on real receivers and system operations. Nevertheless, comparisons between theoretical scintillation models, such as WBMOD and GISM, with GPS derived experimental data will be shown

Near-Earth space plasma modelling and forecasting

In the frame of the European COST 296 project (Mitigation of Ionospheric Effects on Radio Systems, MIERS)in the Working Package 1.3, new ionospheric models, prediction and forecasting methods and programs as well as ionospheric imaging techniques have been developed. They include (i) topside ionosphere and meso-scale irregularity models, (ii) improved forecasting methods for real time forecasting and for prediction of foF2, M(3000)F2, MUF and TECs, including the use of new techniques such as Neurofuzzy, Nearest Neighbour, Cascade Modelling and Genetic Programming and (iii) improved dynamic high latitude ionosphere models through tomographic imaging and model validation. The success of the prediction algorithms and their improvement over existing methods has been demonstrated by comparing predictions with later real data. The collaboration between different European partners (including interchange of data) has played a significant part in the development and validation of these new prediction and forecasting methods, programs and algorithms which can be applied to a variety of practical applications leading to improved mitigation of ionosphereic and space weather effects.Published255-2713.9. Fisica della magnetosfera, ionosfera e meteorologia spazialeJCR Journalope

Near-Earth space plasma modelling and forecasting

In the frame of the European COST 296 project (Mitigation of Ionospheric Effects on Radio Systems, MIERS)in the Working Package 1.3, new ionospheric models, prediction and forecasting methods and programs as well as ionospheric imaging techniques have been developed. They include (i) topside ionosphere and meso-scale irregularity models, (ii) improved forecasting methods for real time forecasting and for prediction of foF2, M(3000)F2, MUF and TECs, including the use of new techniques such as Neurofuzzy, Nearest Neighbour, Cascade Modelling and Genetic Programming and (iii) improved dynamic high latitude ionosphere models through tomographic imaging and model validation. The success of the prediction algorithms and their improvement over existing methods has been demonstrated by comparing predictions with later real data. The collaboration between different European partners (including interchange of data) has played a significant part in the development and validation of these new prediction and forecasting methods, programs and algorithms which can be applied to a variety of practical applications leading to improved mitigation of ionosphereic and space weather effects

Ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling

This paper presents a review of the ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling by the European groups involved in COST 296. Several of these groups have organized scintillation measurement campaigns at low and high latitudes. Some characteristic results obtained from the measured data are presented. The paper also addresses the modeling activities: four models, based on phase screen techniques, with different options and application domains are detailed. Finally some new trends for research topics are given. This includes the wavelet analysis, the high latitudes analysis, the construction of scintillation maps and the mitigation techniques

Role of targeted therapy in the treatment of HER-2-positive breast cancer brain metastases

Brain metastases are detectable in 25–35 % of patients with progressive HER-2-positve breast cancer. Even after spreading metastases into the brain, chemotherapy in combination with anti-HER- 2 therapy improves survival due to better control of the systemic disease. The paper presents the results of investigations substantiating the use of anti-HER-2 targeting agents, as well as the innovative agent T-DM1 to treat brain metastases

ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ УБОРКИ И ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКИ СЕМЕННОГО КАРТОФЕЛЯ

When engineering potatoes harvesting procedure for its optimization it is important to calculate precisely the quantity of machines, containers and workers who will be involved in harvesting process. This depends on the acreage and productivity. An output yield should be harvested in predetermined terms. Harvesting and transportation of potatoes in bags is obsolete technology which complicates and slows down process of harvest and transport operations. Agrarian introduce mechanization to reduce the level of manual work use or to exclude it completely. The authors offered container technology of harvesting, transportation and sorting of seed potatoes. The containers having identical amount and load-carrying capacity were made of different materials for check of this technology. Branded structure of the machines which can be used at harvesting was established. The main specifications were indicated. The authors determined shortcomings of the soft bags for potatoes harvesting and brought into focus benefits of containers use. The exact quantity of containers and machines for potatoes harvesting in the OOO Redkinskoye APC (Tver region) was calculated. The seed potatoes are grown there on 2.43 hectares. The time frames of harvesting were determined.При разработке технологического процесса уборки картофеля для его оптимизации важно точно рассчитать количество техники, тары и рабочих, которые будут задействованы в процессе уборки, в зависимости от площади посева и урожайности, так как урожай должен быть убран в заранее установленные сроки. Сбор и транспортировка картофеля в мешках - устаревшая технология, которая затрудняет и замедляет процесс уборочно-транспортных работ. Механизация призвана снизить уровень использования ручного труда или полностью исключить его. Предложена контейнерная технология уборки, транспортировки и сортировки семенного картофеля. Для проверки данной технологии разработали контейнеры, выполненные из разных материалов, но имеющие одинаковые объем и грузоподъемность. Установили марочный состав техники, которая может быть использована в процессе уборки, с указанием главных технических характеристик. Определили недостатки мягкой тары (мешков) для уборки картофеля и подчеркнули преимущества использования контейнеров. Рассчитали точное количество контейнеров и техники для осуществления процесса уборки картофеля на примере предприятия ООО «Редкинское АПК» (Тверской области), где на 2,43 га пашни выращивают семенной картофель. Определили временные интервалы процесса уборки

Ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling

This paper presents a review of the ionospheric scintillation monitoring and modelling by the European groups involved in COST 296. Several of these groups have organized scintillation measurement campaigns at low and high latitudes. Some characteristic results obtained from the measured data are presented. The paper also addresses the modeling activities: four models, based on phase screen techniques, with different options and application domains are detailed. Finally some new trends for research topics are given. This includes the wavelet analysis, the high latitudes analysis, the construction of scintillation maps and the mitigation techniques